What are the main causes of articular cartilage injuries?

In one of our latest medical articles below, well-known consultant orthopaedic surgeon, Mr Paul Sutton, discusses articular cartilage injuries in expert detail, including when surgery is typically required for these types of injuries.

What are articular cartilage injuries?

Articular cartilage is the smooth, low friction ‘bearing surface’ that lines most joints that is firmly attached to the underlying bone. This surface can be damaged in isolation (known as a chondral injury), or in conjunction with the underlying bone known as an osteochondral injury.

What are the main causes of articular cartilage injuries?

They are usually associated with knee trauma. They may occur as a direct impact-type injury, during a dislocation, or in association with a ligament injury.

How severe can these injuries be?

These injuries can be quite severe and can cause pain, swelling, and a loss of knee function. They can progress to cause more widespread ‘wear damage’ which is a condition known as osteoarthritis.

Do articular cartilage injuries require immediate treatment?

No, not necessarily. It really depends on the nature and severity as well as the timing of the diagnosis. The treatment of chronic injuries may depend on symptoms, but large acute injuries to the articular cartilage may need urgent re-attachment of the injured fragment.  

When would surgery be considered or indeed required?

In a chronic situation for the treatment of pain and loss of function. In the situation of an acute injury or fracture to the articular cartilage, an urgent re-attachment might be considered best. This would especially apply to young patients.

If you wish to make an appointment with Mr Paul Sutton, visit his Top Doctors profile today to do just that.