Understanding ear infections: An expert answers your questions

Ear infections can be a source of discomfort and concern for many individuals, especially parents with young children. Knowing the symptoms, causes, and appropriate course of action is crucial for prompt treatment and relief. In his latest online article, esteemed consultant ENT surgeon Mr Steven Lewis answers some common queries surrounding this common condition.

What are the symptoms of an ear infection?

Common symptoms of ear infections include ear pain, reduced hearing, and ear discharge. These symptoms may sometimes be accompanied by a fever.

What causes ear infections?

There are two primary types of ear infections. The first type occurs when an infection from the nose travels up the Eustachian tube to the space behind the eardrum. This leads to pressure buildup, resulting in pain and reduced hearing. If left untreated, the eardrum can rupture, causing pain followed by discharge. The second type, known as otitis externa, is an infection of the skin of the ear canal. It often occurs due to water entering cracks in the skin, causing inflammation, pain, and discharge.

How do I know if my child has an ear infection?

It can be challenging to discern the cause of distress in children, particularly in toddlers. However, common signs of an ear infection in young children include ear pulling, holding onto the ears, high temperature, and general irritability.

Other than an ear infection, what can cause an earache?

While ear infections are a common cause of earaches, discomfort in the ear can also stem from other sources. For instance, sore throats due to tonsillitis or referred pain from areas like the throat, teeth, or temporomandibular joint can manifest as ear pain.

How are ear infections treated?

Treatment for ear infections varies depending on the type. Middle ear infections typically require antibiotics, while otitis externa is managed by keeping the ear dry and using topical antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drops. In cases where debris obstructs the ear canal, it must be removed before applying drops for effective treatment.

What are the risks of untreated ear infections?

While most ear infections resolve on their own or with simple treatment, untreated middle ear infections can lead to complications such as mastoiditis, though these occurrences are rare.

When should I see a doctor for an ear infection?

Usually, ear infections resolve within a day or two and can be managed at home. However, persistent symptoms or severe discomfort warrant medical attention. Seek advice if symptoms persist, worsen, or if additional symptoms like swelling behind the ear develop.

Understanding the symptoms, causes, and appropriate treatments for ear infections is essential for effectively managing this common ailment and ensuring prompt relief and recovery.

If you would like to book a consultation with Mr Steven Lewis, you can do so today via his Top Doctors profile.