Mr Simon Eccles

Mr Simon Eccles
Plastic surgery
Central London


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Topdoctors Awards Top Doctor
2017

Mr Simon Eccles

Plastic surgeon in
London

BDS FRCS(Eng) FRCS(Plast) MBBS

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Mr Simon Eccles areas of expertise:

Professional statement

Mr Simon Eccles is an esteemed consultant craniofacial plastic surgeon practising in London. Having first qualified as a dentist and then as a maxillo-facial surgeon in 1985, he then trained and qualified as a doctor before beginning training in plastic surgery, specialising in head and neck and cranio-facial surgery. He was awarded the McGregor medal for outstanding performance in the Royal College of Surgeons plastic surgery examination. 

Mr Simon Eccles works as a consultant plastic surgeon in both the NHS and in private practice across different sites in London, and is a member of a number of committees in his field. He is also a member of a group of surgeons working for the charity 'Facing the World', where they carry out life-saving and life-changing surgical work on children across the world who would not otherwise have access to this level of care. 

Mr Eccles is also dedicated to training and teaching junior plastic surgeons and has written a number of articles for peer-reviewed journals, he has also made a number of television appearances as an expert in his field, and has been an invited speaker for TED.  

 Videos of doctor

TEDxObserver - Simon Eccles - Separatin...

 Doctor's articles

man-airport
Cosmetic tourism – is it a good idea?

Read all articles by Mr Simon Eccles

 Credentials

GMC: ‍3587063

 Professional experience

• More than 25 years of experience
• Consultant Plastic Surgeon, The Consulting Suite, London (present)
• Senior Consultant Craniofacial Plastic Surgeon, Craniofacial Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (2006 - present)
• Associate Medical Director for Children's Integrated Care, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (present)
• Consultant Craniofacial Plastic Surgeon, Charing Cross Hospital (2006 - 2010)
• Honorary Consultant Plastic Surgeon, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital (present)
• Part of the multidisciplinary Skull Base Surgery team, Imperial Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust (present)

 ...

 Sub-specialties

• Facial aesthetic plastic surgery
• Facial reconstructive plastic surgery
• Paediatric plastic surgery
• Skin cancer reconstruction
• Rhinoplasty
• Blepharoplasty
• Botox
• Brachioplasty (arm lift)
• Breast asymmetry
• Breast augmentation
• Breast lift or mastopexy
• Breast reconstruction
• Breast reduction
• Chin surgery (mentoplasty)
• Endoscopic facelift
• Gynaecomastia
• Hyperhidrosis
• Inverted nipples
• Keloid scars
• Lip augmentation
• Lip surgery
• Lipofilling
• Liposculpture
• Liposuction
• Lipotransfer
• Lymphoedema
• Otoplasty
• Scar
• Thigh lift
• Tuberous breast

 ...

 Positions in public associations

• Member of the NHS London Strategic Working Group to ensure that all children in London receive high quality care
• Past president of the plastic surgery section of the Royal Society of Medicine
• Member of the team of surgeons working for the charity 'Facing the World'
• Patron of Elizabeth's Legacy of Hope charity

 ...

 Teaching posts

• Actively involved in training and teaching junior plastic surgeons in the NHS and private practice

 Education

• Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (FRCS), 1995
• Fellow of the Royal College of Plastic Surgeons (FRCS Plast), 2004

 Prizes and awards

• Awarded the McGregor medal by the Royal College of Surgeons for outstanding performance in the FRCS (Plast) examination

 Professional membership

• Member of the British Association of Plastic Reconstructive Aesthetic Surgeons
• Member of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons
• Member of the Royal Society of Medicine
• Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

 ...

Languages spoken

  • English

Patient reviews for Dr. Simon Eccles

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All reviews are from verified patients booked through Top Doctors.

Patient reviews

Verified Patient
21/02/2018

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Verified Patient
20/12/2017

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Patients comments

Lovely man. excellent service. couldn’t get better

Verified Patient
18/08/2017

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Patients comments

Described to me exactly what was going to happen, i instantly felt at ease.

Verified Patient
12/04/2017

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Diseases, Medical Tests and Treatments

Blepharoplasty

What is blepharoplasty? Blepharoplasty, or dark circles surgery, is a plastic surgery operation aimed at correcting eyelid defects and deformi ...

Children's plastic surgery

Children’s plastic surgery is a sub-specialty of plastic surgery that focuses on children. The sub-specialty treats both common and complex conditions ...

Facelift

  What is a face lift? The face lift, or facial rejuvenation surgery, is an intervention that corrects the most visible signs of facial ageing, ...

Facial paralysis

What is facial paralysis? Facial paralysis is a condition that causes partial or total motor paralysis of the facial nerve and, therefore, of the f ...

Facial reconstruction

What is facial reconstruction? Microsurgical facial reconstruction encompasses various surgical techniques that are used to treat both congenital and acquired pathologies (disease or injury) that have led to loss of some of the structure or function of the face. Why is it done? Several congenital pathologies are treatable, notably different types of facial paralysis and atrophy that prevent the correct movement of the muscles and structures of the jaw and/or the eyes, and facial expression (for example, Perry-Romberg syndrome, Moebius syndrome, Binder syndrome). What does it involve? Facial microsurgery aims to replace the affected zones and to restore their normal appearance and function, via use of individualized techniques for transplantation of tissue, nerve and muscle grafts. Currently, facial reconstruction can be performed successfully via the use of advanced microscopic techniques for transplanting tissue from the same patient. Given the anatomy of this area, the surgery is highly complex and in some cases, it may have to be performed in several stages —separate surgical interventions—, to achieve the best outcome. Post-operative care Depending on the severity of the process and the particular reconstructive technique used, you may undergo surgery as an outpatient, with the sutures removed after one week at the GP’s office, or as an inpatient with a hospital stay of over 10 days. What are the risks? Like any other surgical procedure, there are risks inherent to anaesthesia, risks related to each technique and disease and risks related to your medical history. Complications are directly related to the severity of the pathological process, the duration of the intervention, your health status and age, and the surgeon’s experience. Furthermore, bleeding, infection and total or partial flap loss may occur. It is important to know that all these complications can be solved. ...

Rhinoplasty (nose job)

Rhinoplasty is a nose operation intended to correct areas such as the septum, the tip or the width of the nose. Each rhinoplasty must be customised according to the patient’s wishes and possibilities according to their facial features. Currently, there are two types of rhinoplasty surgery carried out: open rhinoplasty, which involves an incision in the columella, and closed rhinoplasty, which is done without incisions. ...

Abdominoplasty

What is an abdominoplasty? Abdominoplasty, which is also known as a tummy tuck, is a cosmetic surgical procedure that flattens the abdomen by surgically removing excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen. This allows the abdominal wall muscles to be tightened. This is a major procedure that requires general anaesthesia. It is not an alternative to weight-loss. Why have an abdominoplasty? An abdominoplasty is suitable for men and women of a stable weight and in good health. Women might consider having an abdominoplasty to remove excess skin resulting from pregnancy. Additionally, men and women who have lost a lot of weight are often left with lots of saggy, excess skin which can be removed from the abdomen with a tummy tuck. How is an abdominoplasty carried out? To begin with, a large incision is made across the lower abdomen. Through this incision, the skin from the abdominal wall underneath the belly button is separated and the excess skin of the abdomen is cut away and the excess fat removed. The incision is then closed with stitches. An abdominoplasty can be either partial (mini tummy tuck) or complete, depending on how much excess skin and fat there is, and where it is mostly located. During a complete tummy tuck, it is likely that the belly button will need to be moved. Drainage tubes are placed in the incision to drain excess fluids following surgery. Preparation for an abdominoplasty: It is important to stop smoking for a period before surgery, usually at least two weeks. Days before the operation it may be necessary to stop taking certain medications. There will also be a period of fasting before surgery. Aftercare: The patient must keep in mind that the scar resulting from the operation is permanent, although its size will depend on the type of incision made according to the surgical requirements of each case. The days following the procedure, the patient will have a little pain and discomfort, so the doctor will prescribe painkillers. You will need up to six weeks off work and exercise whilst you heal. You won’t be able to drive either for a number of weeks. It may be necessary to wear a special elastic control support for a few weeks to encourage healing and to reduce swelling. After six weeks, you can stop wearing the elastic support and return to most normal activities. ...

Botulinum toxin (Botox™)

What is botulinum toxin (Botox™)? Botulinum toxin, more commonly known as Botox™, is a neurotoxin that, despite being released by the microbe that causes botulism (a type of food poisoning), is also a drug used for medical purposes to treat various conditions. It is also used as a cosmetic treatment. It is administered via injection. Botox™ was the first drug developed to use the botulinum toxin, but others have also been developed. What is botulinum toxin used for? The most common uses for the botulinum toxin are: To reduce the appearance of facial wrinkles To treat repetitive neck spasms (cervical dystonia) To treat excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) Chronic migraines Eye twitching Lazy eye Bladder dysfunction (urinary incontinence caused by an overactive bladder) What do botulinum toxin injections consist of? The botulinum toxin acts by temporarily paralysing certain muscles, for example, when used for facial muscles this smoothens their appearance. This also has the added benefit of preventing certain facial expressions, such as wrinkling your forehead which acts as an anti-ageing measure. Botulinum toxin injections weaken and paralyze certain muscles, blocking some nerves. They are injected with thin needles and the number you receive in a treatment session will depend on what they are being used for. The effects of the injection are not immediate, they begin to reveal after three or four days have elapsed, depending on each patient. The results can be highly satisfactory. In addition, depending on the patient, the effect of botulinum toxin can last between four and eight months; so, to keep the same look regular treatments would be required. Preparation for botulinum toxin injections: Pregnant or breastfeeding patients cannot undergo a botulinum toxin treatment. Although the injections are not too painful, some patients will prefer to have the skin numbed beforehand using topical anaesthesia. Aftercare: You can usually resume normal activities the same day as your treatment. You should avoid rubbing or massaging the treated area as this can move the toxin to other areas within the surrounding skin and muscle. Possible side effects of botulinum toxin injections include: Pain at the injection site Headache Flu-like symptoms Droopy eyelid Crooked smile Dry eyes or tearing ...

Brachioplasty (arm lift)

What is brachioplasty? Arm lift, also called brachioplasty, is the surgical procedure intended to eliminate unsightly excess skin in the arms, making them smoother and firmer while improving their appearance. In mild cases, the arm lift can be performed with less-invasive techniques and with local anaesthesia; in more advanced cases, surgery under general anaesthesia may be required. Why is it done?   With ageing, particularly from the age of 40, the skin starts becoming flabby, especially in women. Arms are a part of the body in which flabbiness is highly visible and many women develop a complex about it. Several degrees of flabbiness in arm contours can be distinguished, and the specialist in Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery uses different techniques for each degree.   What does brachioplasty surgery involve?   Brachioplasty involves making an incision in the inside of the upper arm, in order to eliminate excess skin. In the cases that are more serious, it may even be necessary to make an incision from the armpit to the elbow, always on the inside of the arm. Via this incision, all excess skin is removed. In cases in which the patient wants to remove excess fat from his arms, this intervention may be combined with liposuction. Brachioplasty usually takes around 2 hours.     How to prepare for the intervention   During the pre-surgery consultation, you will undergo an evaluation, the results of which will be taken into account in the specific instructions given to you about how to prepare for surgery: whether you have to stop smoking, take iron supplements etc.   Post-operative care   In the first few days after the brachioplasty, it is normal for your arms to feel more tender and be swollen; they revert to normal over time. You can resume your normal routine in around 15 days, and the final result will be visible after a few months. The result of the brachioplasty is permanent and leaves no visible scars. ...

Breast asymmetry

What is breast asymmetry?  Women with breast asymmetry have breasts that are different in shape, position or size. In fact, the great majority of women have mild breast asymmetry. However, when the asymmetry is significant, it may adversely affect the woman’s body image, her self-esteem and confidence. Breast asymmetry can be classified into three types: Anisomastia: a significant difference in the volume and size of the breasts. Anisothelia: a difference between the nipples and areolas. Combined asymmetry: anisomastia and anisothelia.   What are the symptoms?   The symptoms of breast asymmetry are essentially aesthetic, manifesting as a difference in, for example,  shape, size, developmental stage or fat percentage. In the most serious cases, there may even be a difference in osteomuscular structure or the breasts are completely different.   Causes of breast asymmetry   Significant breast asymmetry has several possible causes: it may be linked to a breast disease, a developmental problem, a hormonal problem, an unknown syndrome, an injury or periods of significant bodily change such as pregnancy or breastfeeding. One of the diseases linked to breast asymmetry is breast cancer. Hence, all women with breast asymmetry are advised to perform breast self-examination to detect any warning signs in a timely manner.   Can it be prevented?   Breast asymmetry appears while the breasts are developing during puberty. It cannot be prevented, except if it occurs as a secondary effect of a growth disorder that is diagnosed early. There are no measures you can take to prevent breast asymmetry.   What is the treatment?   The only solution to breast asymmetry is plastic, aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. The surgical techniques used depend on the surgeon and on the patient’s characteristics. However in many cases, breast augmentation, breast reduction or a combination of both will be done. ...

Breast augmentation

Breast augmentation or mammoplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at increasing the size and volume of the breasts. Normally, surgery is recommended with implants in both breasts to make them more symmetrical. A breast enlargement operation is performed by making a small incision around the areola or in the fold under the breast or armpit. Through the incisions on each breast, breast tissue is lifted and breast implants are inserted under the chest muscle. The implants can be silicone or saline implants and they come in various shapes, generally round, oval or anatomical. Currently, there are prostheses with a rough textured surface to provide a more natural look. The incision scar for breast surgery is practically invisible. ...

Breast lift or mastopexy

Breast lift or mastoplexy surgery is a breast lifting procedure used to raise sagging breasts, restoring their previous appearance and strength. The technique generally used in this operation involves making an incision around the areola, although it may be necessary to extend the cut to the lower breast fold. In some cases, this type of intervention may require silicone prosthesis to increase the volume of the breasts and achieve a more natural and attractive look. ...

Breast reconstruction

What is breast reconstruction? Breast reconstruction is performed after a mastectomy or a lumpectomy; in some cases, the reconstruction is delayed a few months or years after the breast cancer surgery. The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia and takes about 8 hours. Why is it done? Breast reconstruction is primarily done for aesthetic reasons, and leads to marked improvement in the patient’s self-image. The decision to have breast reconstruction surgery is as valid as the decision to not have it — in all cases, the decision is a personal one. What does it involve? There are two ways of performing breast reconstruction: with an implant or with the patient’s own tissue (autologous or “flap” reconstruction). Breast reconstruction with an implant: only requires surgery in the chest, hence requires fewer interventions than flap reconstruction. The implant is usually filled with a saline solution, silicone gel or a combination of both, with vegetable oil or silicone on the outside and a saline solution inside. The implant is placed under the pectoralis major muscle. The approximate duration of the implant is between 10 and 20 years. Autologous or flap reconstruction: in this type of reconstruction, skin, fat and even muscle tissue is used to recreate the shape of the breast. The tissue, called a flap, is taken from the abdomen, back, thighs or breast. In “free flap” techniques, the tissue is completely separated from its original blood vessels, moved to the chest then combined with blood vessels in its new location. In “pedicled flap” techniques, the tissue remains attached to its original blood vessels and is moved under the skin to the chest. The surgical result lasts for the patient’s lifetime, and this constitutes an advantage of flap reconstructions over implants. There are different types of flap and the one used depends on the patient’s body type, the size of her breasts and whether she wants to become a mother in the future. How to prepare for it It is important that you follow the surgeon’s instructions, e.g. to stop taking medications such as ibuprofen or aspirin. You will have to stop smoking; you will have to dress as comfortably as possible; and you will have to arrange in advance how to return home after surgery and how to manage during the first few days of recovery. Post-operative care You will feel tired for a few days after the intervention, and so you should arrange for someone to help you during this time. After the first week, you will be able to take care of yourself. ...

Breast reduction

What is breast reduction?  Breast reduction is a surgical procedure to reduce the size of the breasts. The operation is performed under general anaesthesia by a specialist in plastic, aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. Why is it done? Breast reduction may be done for aesthetic reasons, in women who feel that the size of their breasts is not proportional or in harmony with the rest of their body. However, in many women, the procedure also alleviates neck and back pain caused by the excess weight. What does it involve? The plastic surgeon will recommend the most suitable breast reduction technique for you. However the operation usually involves making incisions around the areola to remove excess fat, skin and breast tissue and to shape the whole breast to achieve the desired position and size. This results in smaller, firmer breasts that are less prone to sagging. For an optimal outcome, a mastopexy (breast lift) is always performed as part of breast reduction surgery. How to prepare for breast reduction surgery Before surgery, a medical examination is necessary to determine whether you can undergo surgery under general anaesthesia. If you are a smoker, you will have to stop smoking from at least 4 weeks before surgery. You may also have to stop taking certain medications. Post-operative care After the operation, you may have to stay in hospital overnight, possibly longer. Recovery at home can take 1 to 2 weeks, after which you can gradually resume your usual routine. Breast pain during recovery is normal, so painkillers are usually administered. Oedema and mild bleeding may also occur. During recovery, you will have to avoid lifting, driving, exercise and sunbathing. Furthermore, you will have to sleep with your head and back elevated. ...

Chin surgery (mentoplasty)

What is chin surgery (mentoplasty)? Chin surgery, also known as mentoplasty or chin augmentation, is a surgical intervention that aims to modify the size of the chin to achieve a more proportionate and aesthetically pleasing face, correcting congenital facial asymmetries or those caused by an accident. Chin surgery can be done either by inserting an implant or by modifying the bones. Why is chin surgery done? Chin surgery is performed for both cosmetic and reconstructive purposes. For some people, the appearance of their chin is not ideal and having chin surgery can give them a more desired appearance. For others, malformation or injury can cause the chin to appear misplaced or unbalanced with the rest of the face. Chin surgery can address both of these concerns. What does chin surgery consist of? Depending on the objective of the intervention, the most appropriate technique for each patient is applied. If a chin is being augmented and enhanced, there are a number of options. For non-permanent results, injectable fillers can be used to achieve enhancement results without the need for surgery. However, to achieve a permanent change, surgical implants can be used. This procedure can take around 45 minutes and involves an incision being made inside the mouth. Through this, a pocket is made to insert the implant which is positioned accordingly. Implants can vary in size and shape, according to the patient’s wishes. General anaesthesia is mostly used for this procedure, but it can be performed as a day-case. If a chin reduction is being performed, an incision is made inside the mouth or under the chin. Through this incision, excess tissue and fat are removed to create the desired shape. General or local anaesthesia can be used for this procedure. Preparation for chin surgery: Prior to the procedure, the patient must have X-rays of the face and chin. This is so the surgeon can use them to determine which part of the chin needs to be augmented. Depending on the type of surgery, fasting may be required. Aftercare: After surgery, the patient will feel some discomfort and pain that can be alleviated by taking painkillers as indicated by the doctor. As the jaw is likely to be sore initially, a diet of soft foods will be necessary for the first few days. You can also expect to feel some tightness around your mouth and chin for the first week. Most people will find it necessary to rest for 1-2 weeks after surgery. Scarring will be minimal, particularly if the incision is made inside the mouth. Full results can be seen a few months after surgery. ...

Endoscopic facelift

What is an endoscopic lift? The endoscopic lift, or endolift, is a surgical procedure performed to tighten the skin and, as a minimally invasive technique, it causes considerably less scarring than the traditional lift. It is recommended for the treatment of flaws in the upper third of the face (such as bags under the eyes, sagging brows, wrinkles between eyebrows, crow’s feet).  Why is it done? Loss of firmness and skin sagging are visible signs of ageing that affect facial expression and also affect the confidence and self-esteem of many patients. What does it involve? Endolifting does not require extensive incisions; instead the surgeon only needs to make a few small incisions (2-3 mm) through which a small video camera is inserted under the patient’s skin. Endolifting represents the optimal technology for correcting and smoothening facial signs of ageing, tightening muscles, removing excess fat and repositioning skin without leaving scars.  How to prepare for it No preparation is required as this is a minimally invasive procedure. Generally, the specialist in Aesthetic Medicine will have a consultation with you to assess your health. Post-operative care Recovery after endolifting is more rapid than with conventional lifting. You will be able to resume your normal routine a few hours after the intervention, and the scars will gradually diminish until they are virtually imperceptible. ...

Gynaecomastia

What is gynaecomastia? Gynaecomastia, occasionally referred to as ‘man boobs’, is the medical term for enlarged male breasts. It is a common hormonal disorder that only affects males, making their breasts larger than normal due to an excess quantity of male breast tissue. It usually occurs more in teenage boys and older men. The extent of gynaecomastia symptoms varies from person to person. Some males find they have a small amount of excess breast tissue around their nipples, whilst others may have noticeably larger male breasts. In some cases, gynaecomastia may cause discomfort or tenderness in the breasts. What are the causes of gynaecomastia? There are several causes of gynaecomastia. One of the main causes is believed to be hormone imbalance, when more oestrogen is produced than normal and less testosterone. Oestrogen causes male tissue to grow at an abnormal rate. Although all males produce a certain amount of oestrogen, they also produce bigger quantities of testosterone which prevents the growth of breast tissue. In some cases, the reason for this hormonal balance is not known. Obesity can also cause gynaecomastia, as being overweight may increase oestrogen production making the breasts larger. For this reason, patients who have dieted and done exercise to lose weight may find that they still have enlarged breasts. Gynaecomastia in newborn babies occurs due to oestrogen passing from the mother through the placenta and to the baby. The breasts usually return to a normal size a few weeks after the baby’s birth. During puberty, some male adolescents may also find that their breasts grow as their hormone levels vary, but this usually stabilises as they grow older. Gynaecomastia in older men is caused by decreased production of testosterone. As older men often have more body fat, their oestrogen production increases thus causing the breasts to enlarge. Other possible causes of gynaecomastia include drinking too much alcohol, and consuming illegal drugs or prescribed medications, among others. Can gynaecomastia be prevented? Although the condition is not always avoidable, there are some measures one can take in order to prevent gynaecomastia. These include following a proper diet, exercising, drinking less alcohol, avoiding certain drugs and medications such as steroids and marijuana (which has been linked to increased levels of oestrogen production). What is the treatment for gynaecomastia?  In some cases, treatment for gynaecomastia may be recommended. Gynaecomastia treatment includes breast reduction surgery to remove the excess male breast tissue, or medication aimed at correcting the hormonal imbalance behind enlarged male breasts.  ...

Hyperhidrosis

  What is hyperhidrosis? What are the types? Hyperhidrosis is a condition characterized by excessive sweating. Sweating, also called perspiration, is a skin function that helps to maintain body temperature constant. However, uncontrolled unpredictable excessive sweating , i.e. hyperhidrosis, can adversely affect social and professional relationships. People with hyperhidrosis have overactive sweat glands. Their uncontrolled sweating can become problematic, from an emotional as well as physical viewpoint, and interfere with their everyday life as the condition develops. Hence, many people with hyperhidrosis want to avoid situations that involve physical contact, e.g. greeting somebody with a handshake. Similarly, they tend to restrict their arm movements and adopt rigid postures to hide sweating in their armpits. Among the habits that people with this condition develop, a common one is changing clothes several times a day. Hyperhidrosis may affect only specific parts of the body such as the armpits (axillary hyperhidrosis), palms of hands and soles of feet (palmoplantar hyperhidrosis) or the face (gustatory hyperhidrosis), or the whole body (generalized hyperhidrosis). It may be focal, affecting an area ≤ 100 cm2, or generalized, affecting an area > 100 cm2. Symptoms of hyperhidrosis The symptoms are readily apparent: excessive, uncontrolled sweating in different parts of the body with no apparent cause. What are the causes of hyperhidrosis? Hyperhidrosis may be primary or secondary. Primary hyperhidrosis is usually more localized, and the cause is unknown; it is obvious however that the sympathetic nervous system is overactive and the sweat response is excessive. Feeling tense or nervous can make the symptoms worse. In many patients, a positive feedback loop develops: they become nervous when they realize that they have started sweating, which makes them sweat more, which makes them more nervous…. Secondary hyperhidrosis is the result of an underlying clinical situation and it tends to affect the body in a more generalized manner: it can appear at different stages of the patient’s life in association with different habits, illnesses or problems (e.g. menopause, certain drugs or medications, thyroid gland problems, tumours, etc). Can it be prevented? Primary hyperhidrosis cannot be prevented. Secondary hyperhidrosis is associated with another clinical problem and if the underlying problem is controlled, hyperhidrosis may be better controlled. What is the treatment? There are currently many varied treatments for hyperhidrosis: Treatment of hyperhidrosis with botulinum toxin: this is a straightforward treatment that can be applied to the armpits, the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet. The toxin, injected using very fine needles, blocks the function of the sweat glands, such that sweat production in the area is lowered. The treatment usually takes about one hour and it is effective for around 6 months. Medico-dermatological treatments: aluminium chloride is often used as an antiperspirant, but it may cause skin irritation. Anticholinergic substances are also used, but they may have side effects. Surgical treatments: one technique is to eliminate the sweat glands using one of several methods. Another procedure is endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy, in which the principal thoracic ganglia of the paravertebral chain innervating the skin region that requires treatment are rendered useless. Although this technique is highly effective, compensatory sweating may develop whereby sweating starts to occur in areas that did not sweat before surgery. ...

Inverted nipples

What is inverted nipple correction surgery? The purpose of inverted nipple correction surgery is to place inverted nipples, also called flat or umbilicated nipples, in their natural position: protruding, rather than retracted. This is a simple operation of short duration, and it can be performed under local anaesthesia. Why is the operation carried out? In some women, the nipple does not point outwards, as it normally should. This abnormality becomes apparent after puberty and although there is no reason why it should be a health problem, many women find that it affects their self-image and confidence and so want to correct it. Although this abnormality primarily affects women, men may also have inverted or retracted nipples. The abnormality has varying degrees of seriousness: it may be that the nipple inverts only occasionally; or it may be that the nipple is positioned inside the breast because the muscle filaments that should maintain the nipple in the correct position do not exist or are too short. What does the operation entail? During corrective surgery for mild cases, an incision is made around the base of the umbilicated nipple, making it point outwards and separating it from the muscle filaments. In other more serious cases, the lactiferous ducts, through which milk passes during lactation, must be eliminated; the woman must take this into consideration when deciding whether to proceed with the intervention. Presurgical precautions Before surgery, the breast must be examined in order to rule out a malignant process. Depending on the patient’s particular health situation, the surgeon may require that additional medical assessments be done before the intervention.  Postsurgical precautions In most cases, the patient can return to their normal routine immediately after the operation. She only needs to avoid physical activity for 10 days after the operation. ...

Keloid scars

Keloid scars are formed during the healing of a wound. In the process, too much scar tissue is formed and causes abnormal growth, which is usually large and red. Keloid scars and hypertrophic scars are different. These are less thick and deformed.         ...

Lip augmentation

What is lip augmentation? Lip augmentation and reshaping consists of changing the appearance of the lips. Before the procedure, a cream or localised cold is applied to the area to reduce sensitivity. Why is it performed? Lip augmentation is performed to add volume to the lips, to make them look more defined and firmer and to lift the corners of the mouth. What does it involve? A filler is used to augment the lips. This may be hyaluronic acid, a substance that adds volume and stimulates the production of collagen, or fat extracted from the person himself/herself and then purified. Both types of filler give a natural, immediate effect when injected. However, as these substances are resorbable by the body, the effect will gradually diminish over time. The procedure usually takes around 20 to 40 minutes and the results last from 6 months to a year. After this time, the procedure can be repeated. If a permanent lip augmentation is desired, then cheiloplasty is the best option. This involves different implant or grafting techniques (using the person’s own fat or other substances such as collagen or Gore-Tex) to increase the volume of the lips. How to prepare for it The specialist may recommend treating the area with a personalised combination of cosmetics a few days before the procedure. Post-procedure care There may be some slight inflammation (which can be treated with ice) or redness after the procedure, or you may notice nothing at all.   The following precautions should be taken after lip augmentation: Use lip sun protection if sunbathing Do not massage, nibble or press the area. ...

Lip surgery

Cheiloplasty is the lip surgery that helps to give symmetry to the face, either increasing its volume or diminishing it. It is also possible to talk about corrective cheiloplasty and secondary cheiloplasty, which is done to correct defects caused by previous surgery. The procedure lasts approximately one hour and most of the implants used are injected. ...

Lipofilling

Lipofilling is a type of facial rejuvenation without surgery, using fat as facial fillings. It is a treatment for the elimination and correction of wrinkles in different areas of the face, such as cheekbones, chin or cheeks. The fat is extracted from the patient by liposuction, from areas where there is excess fat (such as thighs, abdomen or hips), and undergoes a purifying treatment in the laboratory. The purified fat is then infiltrated into the facial area to be corrected for a smooth and younger looking skin. This treatment for wrinkles gives more natural results compared to the ones made with other materials that the organism could reject. ...

Liposculpture

What is liposculpture?   In plastic, aesthetic and reconstructive surgery, liposculpture is the operation that is performed to eliminate fat deposits located between skin and muscle. The purpose of the operation is to permanently redesign the contour of the body. It is performed in different areas of the body, most commonly the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, arms and jowls. Liposculpture is usually performed under general anaesthesia. However, another option is non-surgical or non-invasive liposculpture, which does not require anaesthesia or, in some cases, requires only local anaesthesia. Why is it done? It should be emphasised that this operation is not a surgical means of tackling obesity, becoming slimmer or losing weight. Rather, it is a way to directly eliminate localised fat. Liposculpture is designed to eliminate accumulations of stubborn fat that are otherwise difficult to eliminate, even in patients who follow a healthy lifestyle with balanced diet and exercise. Hence, patients who undergo liposculpture are of normal weight or overweight. What does it involve? Liposculpture involves making a few incisions measuring less than 1 cm. A cannula is introduced through the incisions and suction applied to remove the fat from the area. In some cases, the removed fat is reimplanted in other areas, such as the buttocks. The duration of the surgery will depend on which areas are treated and the volume of fat, but it is usually less than 4 hours. Preparation for liposculpture If the patient is in good health, he/she does not need to undergo medical investigations before the liposculpture. If however the patient has a bleeding tendency, they will have to undergo medical investigations before liposculpture, to include heart rate and blood pressure measurements, and possibly blood tests. The surgeon may recommend that the patient not take any anticoagulant medication for at least 10 days before the intervention. In addition, the specialist determines the most appropriate compression garment for the patient to wear after liposculpture. Post-operative care In the post-operative period, the patient will have to rest for about three days, take antibiotic therapy and wear a compression bandage or compression garment. The garment must be worn for 2 to 4 weeks; however at day 4 or 5 the patient can resume his normal activities and at day 10 he can resume exercise in a gradual manner. ...

Liposuction

What is liposuction? Liposuction often called ‘lipo’, is a fairly common cosmetic procedure aimed at removing unwanted body fat from certain parts of the body. There are various different types of liposuction, such as tumescent liposuction, ultrasound-assisted liposuction, and laser-assisted liposuction. Surgical liposuction is also referred to as liposculpture and may be carried out to remove excess body fat in combination with an abdominoplasty, or ‘tummy tuck’. Why do it? People may choose to undergo liposuction for a number of reasons all revolving around a general dissatisfaction about the shape of their body. Often, even after exercise and dieting, excess fat can remain in some places. Due to its immediate results, liposuction can greatly boost a person’s confidence. Liposuction may also be used on people who are not necessarily overweight but rather unhappy with their physical appearance. Other reasons to undergo liposuction include reducing fat production, improving one’s health, and stimulating collagen growth.   How is liposuction performed?  Liposuction involves sucking excess fat out through a tube. After marking the parts of the body to be treated, the surgeon then injects the area with medication and anaesthetic-containing solution that reduces blood loss as well as bruising and swelling. Fat cells are then broken up in order to make them easier to extract before a small incision is made and a suction tube is inserted. The tube is moved around the area in order to suck out the fat. After, excess fluid and blood is drained before the patient is stitched up and bandaged. The operation usually lasts around one to three hours, and is carried out using a general anaesthetic or epidural anaesthetic in lower areas of the body. The patient usually has to remain in hospital overnight. How can you prepare for liposuction? In order to prepare for liposuction surgery, the patient may be recommended not to take specific medications, such as blood thinners, for at least two weeks before the operation. Liposuction preparation depends on each individual, and a specialist will provide advice on what to do beforehand. Post surgical care After liposuction, the patient may have to take antibiotics in order to reduce the chances of infection. Compression bandages or an elasticated support corset are fitted in order to reduce bruising and swelling. These are worn for several weeks post-operation. In some cases, such as when a large area of fat is removed, some time off work may be necessary. If the patient had a general anaesthetic, they won’t be able to drive for a few days. Full recovery after liposuction surgery generally takes two weeks.  ...

Lipotransfer

Lipo-transference is a technique that involves removing fat from one part of the body and putting it in another. Everything takes place in one operation. This type of treatment is used to fill or add volume to some areas of the body like the lips, breasts, etc., and avoid the use of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials. ...

Lymphoedema

What is lymphoedema? Lymphoedema is a chronic condition characterised by swelling in the tissues of the body along with fluid retention, as the body is unable to drain lymph fluid. The most commonly affected areas are the legs and arms, though it can occur anywhere in the body. What are the symptoms of lymphoedema? The symptoms of lymphoedema include: Swelling in part, or all, of the arm or leg Discomfort Aching Thickening of the skin, or hardening of the skin (also called fibrosis) Difficulty moving, or feeling restricted Skin infections which are reoccurring Fluid coming through the skin A heavy feeling in the leg, arm, or area affected What causes lymphoedema? Lymphoedema is caused by a problem in the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system and helps to drain excess fluid from tissues, and fight infection. When a blockage occurs, or the lymph nodes become damaged, this can lead to lymphoedema. Lymphoedema can be caused by faulty genes (primary lymphoedema), which in turn mean the lymphatic system does not develop as it should. It can also be caused by damage to the lymphatic system (secondary lymphoedema), for example through injury, infection, inactivity, or inflammation. How can lymphoedema be prevented? Lymphoedema cannot be fully prevented against, but there are certain lifestyle measures which can be taken to reduce the risk. Leading a healthy lifestyle is the best way to prevent against the condition, meaning a healthy weight should be maintained, exercise should be taken regularly, and a healthy balanced diet is essential. What is the treatment for lymphoedema? There is currently no cure for lymphoedema, but it can be managed and the symptoms can be adequately controlled to improve quality of life. Treatment attempts to minimise the build-up of fluid in the affected area and help to stimulate the fluid through the lymphatic system. Some ways of doing this are through compression clothing or garments, a healthy diet and exercise, lifestyle changes, and special massages to help drain and stimulate the affected area. Some patients may also find that they need emotional or psychological help, as living with a long-term condition can be distressing and upsetting. Receiving the correct treatment and reaching out for support when it is needed is vital in the management of lymphoedema.    Lymphedema is an excessive accumulation of a protein called lymph in a limb, caused by an alteration of the lymphatic system (immune system that helps fight infection and disease). The accumulation of this substance in the tissues produces edema and chronic swelling of one or more parts of the body especially in your arms or legs. There are several factors causing lymphedema, such as infections or congenital disease processes, but the most common cause is the removal or lymph node irradiation for the treatment of patients with breast cancer, causing the swelling of the arms and consequent disability. Currently, there are two lymphedema surgery procedures that solve successfully pathology: microsurgical transfer and lymph node-venous shunt microsurgical. The first technique involves the removal of healthy lymph with blood vessels elsewhere in the body, such as the superficial inguinal area, and its placement in the armpit. Thus, the transferred vessels create a new drainage system and reduce the accumulated lymph. Moreover, surgery microsurgical lymph-venous shunt is based on binding of superficial lymphatic vessels subcutaneous veins of the affected limb. Thus, it is possible to divert the lymph veins to download area lymphedema.   ...

Otoplasty

What is otoplasty? Otoplasty, which is also known as ear correction surgery or cosmetic ear surgery, is a surgical procedure to change the size, shape or position of the ears. Otoplasty is often associated with pinning ears back that appear as very protruding, so this is a common form of otoplasty carried out, but it is also known as pinnaplasty. Depending on the age of the patient, the intervention can be performed under general or local anaesthesia. Otoplasty can be carried out on children, but after the age of 5 years is recommended, as any younger and the ears will still be growing and developing. It is important to understand that otoplasty does not alter or affect your hearing, just the appearance of your ears. Why is otoplasty done? Otoplasty will be considered if your ears stick out a lot, if they appear as very large in proportion to your head, if you need to correct previous ear surgery, or if your ears have been damaged due to injury or congenital malformations. What does otoplasty consist of? Otoplasty can usually be carried out with local anaesthetic and is performed by either an otolaryngologist (ENT surgeon) or a plastic surgeon. A small incision is made behind the ear to gain access to the ear cartilage. Next, small sections of cartilage and skin are removed, depending on what results are being aimed for. Once done, the ear is positioned into place using scoring and stitching techniques. The whole procedure takes up to two hours. Newer techniques use special clips placed under the skin to reshape and reposition the ears. Preparation for otoplasty: Once you have been deemed healthy and suitable for surgery, your surgeon will advise you on any fasting required, which medications have to be stopped and any other requirements for having otoplasty. You will not be able to drive home after surgery, so making alternative arrangements beforehand will be necessary. Aftercare: Otoplasty is often carried out as a day-case procedure, meaning the patient can return home on the same day. You will have bandages around your ears after the procedure for protection. You may experience some itching and discomfort, but painkillers can manage this. It is important to avoid putting pressure on your ears, so try not to sleep on your side or rubbing your ears. Wearing loose-fitting collars is also advised for comfort. Bandages should be worn during the day for the first few days, and afterwards just when sleeping for a couple of weeks. You should avoid swimming and other sports for several weeks to protect your ears. Stitches can be removed after 5-10 days, children can usually return to school after 1-2 weeks. Return to normal activities, such as swimming and contact sports can resume after 12 weeks. ...

Scar

What are scars? Scars are marks left on the skin after a wound or injury has healed. Visible scars remain on the skin when the deeper layers of your skin has been injured. The vast majority of minor lesions, such as lacerations, cuts, abrasions or burns, will not leave a scar. How does scarring happen? After a lesion or injury, the healing process consists of three phases: inflammation phase, proliferative phase and maturation phase. The inflammation phase takes place 48-72 hours right after a wound is made. The wound starts closing on its own with a blood clot and the new tissue starts growing. In the following three to six weeks, during the proliferative phase, the connective tissue builds up to close the wound. During the maturation phase, which can last a few months or a few years in the most severe cases, the deepest layers of the epidermis keep on repairing themselves. What influences the scar formation process? Scar healing is a highly individual process which can be influenced by several factors, so you should not take into account only the size and severity of a wound. For instance, age is really important: the older you are, the longer the wound healing process will be. However, even if you are in the age range of 10 to 30 years, an overproduction of connective tissue can compromise the wound healing process. Furthermore, people with a really pale or darker skin type may have more evident scars, as well as people suffering from a hormone imbalances, such as teenagers and pregnant women. The scar formation process is also influenced by the location of the wound: scars tend to form in parts of the body where the skin is tenser. Should there be any complications after a wound, such as chronic inflammation (acne), the risk of getting a scar will be much higher. Types of scars: Scars can be divided into hypertrophic scars, keloid scars and atrophic scars. Keloid and hypertrophic scars are mainly caused by an overproduction of connective tissue, which makes the scar grow outside of the original wound area. Keloid scars are much bigger than the original wound size and tend to be more invasive and persistent than hypertrophic scars. They tend to grow in areas where the skin is tense. People with a genetic predisposition and people with darker skin types can have much more visible scars. Atrophic scars or pitted scars are caused by a lack of collagen in the wounded area, creating a sunken recess on the skin. In this case, there is not enough connective tissue to repair the wound. They are particularly common in individuals with acne or chickenpox. ...

Thigh lift

What is a thigh lift? A thigh lift is a surgical procedure aimed at aesthetically improving the upper leg area by removing excess skin and giving it more firmness. This procedure is mainly carried out for people with a significant loss of volume in their legs and thighs, resulting in an excess of skin, for example, following extreme weight loss. Why would you have a thigh lift? Depending on the desired outcome, there are several types of surgery: an inner thigh lift, a bilateral thigh lift or a mid-thigh lift. The inner thigh lift addresses problems related to loss of skin elasticity and is performed through an incision in the junction of the thigh and pubic area to remove excess skin. A bilateral thigh lift is used to tighten the skin on the front and outside of the leg, through an incision made in the upper leg area. A mid-thigh lift reduces excess skin from the upper inner thigh, with an incision made in the groin area, which extends to behind the buttock crease. Preparing for a thigh lift: Together with the specialist, you will decide on the most appropriate type of thigh lift for your particular case. You will also be given instructions that you should follow before the operation: Fasting time prior to surgery Medication to avoid Guidelines for taking antibiotics Guidelines to follow after thigh lift surgery: You must not engage in any physical exercise after the operation to avoid putting pressure on the sutures. After about three days your bandages and drains will be removed and you will be told what type of compression stockings to wear. Most of the discomfort will be treated with medication, although this will subsided after about a week. The sutures will be removed two weeks after the operation, and a few weeks later your legs will have recovered their normal appearance. ...

Tuberous breast

What are tuberous breasts? Tuberous breasts, also known as tubular breasts, are breasts which are tube-shaped instead of rounded and which have a larger space of separation between the breasts. The areolae are also usually large, and the lower part of the breast lacks development. There are various degrees of malformation. What are the symptoms? The characteristics of tuberous breasts are: Conical shape instead of rounded Too much space between the breasts Lack of growth or development of the lower part and inside of the breast Large and dilated areolae Asymmetrical breasts What causes tuberous breasts? Tuberous breasts are caused by the existence of a genetic alteration of the tissue that covers the mammary gland, which is abnormally rigid, preventing the harmonious development of the breasts during adolescence. What is the treatment? Tuberous breast surgery is performed to correct a malformation in the breasts which causes them to have a shape similar to tubes instead of developing a rounded shape. The surgical technique used varies depending on the case, to give the bust volume and a more rounded shape, placing the areola and the nipple in the correct position. Generally, if it is a mild abnormality, it can be treated with the implantation of a prosthesis, without need for any complete glandular reshaping, as is the case in serious malformations. In these cases, the diameter of the areola would be reduced, and incisions would need to be made around it and/or at the base of the breast to relax the rigid area of the chest and to be able to redistribute the gland. ...

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