All about shoulder tendonitis

Shoulder tendonitis, also known as rotator cuff tendonitis, is a condition characterised by inflammation or irritation of the tendons in the shoulder. It typically affects the tendons of the rotator cuff — a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint and allow for a wide range of motion.

This condition is commonly caused by repetitive overhead motions, making it prevalent among athletes, especially swimmers, tennis players, and weightlifters. It can also result from poor posture, aging, or a sudden injury. Over time, wear and tear on the shoulder tendons can lead to microtears, inflammation, and pain.

Symptoms of shoulder tendonitis include a dull ache or sharp pain in the shoulder, particularly when lifting the arm, reaching overhead, or sleeping on the affected side. Swelling, limited range of motion, and a feeling of weakness in the arm may also occur. If left untreated, tendonitis can progress into a more serious condition such as a tendon tear.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history review, and imaging tests such as an MRI or ultrasound scan. Treatment often begins with conservative measures, including rest, ice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and physical therapy exercises to strengthen and stretch the shoulder.

Preventing shoulder tendonitis involves maintaining good posture, avoiding repetitive overhead activities, warming up before exercise, and strengthening the shoulder and back muscles. Early treatment and proper management can relieve symptoms and restore function, helping individuals return to normal activities without long-term damage.

Sometimes corticosteroid injections are used for short-term relief, but benefits generally do not persist beyond a few months. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary. Low-dose radiotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for shoulder tendonitis. It has been used for decades in Central Europe and has recently become more popular in Anglo-American countries. It involves the use of very low-dose X-ray treatment as an anti-inflammatory and pain relieving treatment that significantly reduces pain and improves function in between 60% and 88% of patients in several large studies. Since the dose is so low it has minimal (if any) side-effects. Shoulder tendonitis is common but manageable. Recognizing the signs early and seeking appropriate care is key to a full recovery.