Hip replacement surgery is often highly successful in relieving pain and improving mobility. However, like all joint replacements, a hip prosthesis may not last forever. In some cases, people need to undergo hip revision surgery, which is a procedure to replace or repair an existing hip implant.

What is hip revision surgery?

Hip revision surgery involves removing a previously implanted artificial hip joint and replacing it with a new one. It can be a complex procedure and usually takes longer than the original hip replacement due to factors such as scar tissue or bone loss.

Why might someone need hip revision surgery?

There are several common reasons why a hip replacement might need to be revised:

Implant wear and tear

Over time, the components of the artificial joint can wear down. Most hip replacements last between 15 and 20 years, but younger or more active patients may experience wear earlier. The plastic liner between the metal parts is often the first to show signs of wear.

Loosening of the implant

The hip implant can become loose over time, causing pain or instability. This may happen due to gradual bone loss around the implant or because the bone never properly bonded to the implant in the first place.

Infection

An infection in the hip joint, even many years after the original surgery, can damage the tissue and the bone around the implant. Revision surgery may be needed to remove the infected components and clean the joint before placing a new implant.

Dislocation

Some patients experience repeated dislocation of their hip joint after surgery. This may happen because of muscle weakness, implant positioning, or trauma. Revision surgery may help restore stability.

Fracture around the implant

A break in the bone near the hip implant (known as a periprosthetic fracture) can occur after a fall or injury. Depending on the severity, surgery may be needed to repair the fracture and replace the implant.

Reaction to implant materials

Some patients may react to metal debris from certain types of implants, leading to inflammation or tissue damage. This is less common with modern implants but can be a reason for revision.

What can patients expect?

Hip revision surgery is more involved than the original replacement. Recovery may take longer and often includes:

• A short hospital stay
• Physiotherapy to restore movement and strength
• Use of crutches or walking aids during recovery

Your surgeon will assess the reason for revision and help you understand what’s involved and what outcome to expect.

When should you speak to a specialist?

You should contact your orthopaedic surgeon or GP if you experience:

• Persistent or worsening hip pain
• Swelling, warmth or redness around the joint
• Difficulty walking or instability
• A clicking or grinding sensation

Early assessment can help prevent further damage and improve your long-term outcome.