What to know about eyelid cysts

Eyelid cysts, also known as chalazia or meibomian cysts, are common, non-cancerous lumps that form on the eyelid due to blocked oil glands. These glands, located near the base of the eyelashes or within the eyelid itself, produce oils that help lubricate the eye. When a gland becomes clogged, oil builds up and forms a cyst.

Eyelid cysts typically appear as painless, round lumps on either the upper or lower eyelid. They may start as a small bump and gradually enlarge over days or weeks. While most are painless, some can cause discomfort, swelling, or tenderness, especially if they become infected. In such cases, the cyst may be red, warm, and cause the eye to water or become sensitive to light.

Chalazia are different from styes, which are usually painful and caused by a bacterial infection. A stye often appears suddenly, near the edge of the eyelid, and may have a visible whitehead. A chalazion, on the other hand, develops more slowly and is typically found further back on the eyelid.

Treatment for an eyelid cyst usually begins with warm compresses applied to the eyelid several times a day. This can help the oil gland open and drain naturally. In more persistent cases, a doctor may prescribe antibiotic ointments or inject a steroid to reduce inflammation. Surgical removal is rarely necessary but may be recommended if the cyst does not improve or causes vision problems.

Preventing eyelid cysts involves maintaining good eyelid hygiene. Regularly cleaning the eyelids, removing makeup before bed, and managing conditions like blepharitis or rosacea can reduce the risk of recurrence. While eyelid cysts are generally harmless, it’s important to consult an eye care professional if the lump changes in size, becomes painful, or affects your vision.