Adenosine deaminase

What is being analysed?

The amount of adenosine deaminase (ADA), the pleural fluid, or other biological fluids is being analysed.

What does the result mean?

The results of ADA values should be evaluated by a doctor along with the symptoms presented by the person so that the cause of their alteration is diagnosed and the appropriate treatment is indicated.

Why is an ADA test carried out?

The ADA test is used to confirm or rule out an infection by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in pleural fluid and to establish the diagnosis of tuberculosis; less frequently to detect the infection in other biological fluids such as peritoneal fluid or cerebrospinal fluid. 

When should ADA be analysed?

The analysis of ADA is performed when a person presents chest pain, cough, or difficulty breathing and the doctor suspects that they may have tuberculosis that has spread to the pleura (membrane that covers the lungs).

What sample is required?

The determination is made from a sample of pleural fluid obtained by thoracentesis; other biological fluids can also be used.

Is any prior preparation necessary?

No special preparation is required for this test.

What are the normal values?

Normal ADA values are: Between 0 and 40 U/L of pleural fluid.

What does it mean to have altered values?

Elevated levels of ADA in the pleural fluid can be indicative of tuberculosis, lymphoma, or other infections. Low levels of ADA in the pleural fluid can be indicative of immunodeficiency or other diseases.