What is analysed?
Genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis examines genetic mutations in the HIV virus that may confer resistance to antiretroviral medications.
What does the result mean?
The result of genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis indicates which specific antiretroviral drugs the HIV virus may be resistant to, based on detected mutations in its genome.
Why undergo the analysis?
Genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis is performed to guide clinicians in selecting the most effective antiretroviral therapy for people that have HIV.
When to undergo the analysis?
Genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis is typically requested when an individual experiences virological failure, meaning that their HIV viral load remains detectable despite antiretroviral therapy.
What sample is required?
Blood samples containing HIV RNA are required for genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis.
Is any prior preparation necessary?
No specific preparation is usually necessary for genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis.
How is it used?
Genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis involves sequencing the HIV genome to identify mutations associated with drug resistance.
What are the normal values?
There are no "normal" values for genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis. The absence of drug resistance mutations indicates susceptibility to the prescribed antiretroviral regimen.
Genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis
| Antiretroviral drug class | Common resistance mutations |
| Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) | M184V, K65R, T215Y/F |
| Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) | K103N, Y181C, G190A |
| Protease Inhibitors (PIs) | L90M, M46I/L, I50V |
This table summarises common drug resistance mutations associated with different classes of antiretroviral drugs detected in genotypic HIV drug resistance analysis.
What do altered values signify?
Altered values, such as the presence of drug resistance mutations, indicate reduced efficacy of specific antiretroviral drugs and may necessitate treatment adjustments.