Injections for knee arthritis: explained

Knee arthritis can be a debilitating condition, affecting your ability to perform everyday activities. If you're considering injections as a treatment option, it's essential to understand what they involve, how they work, and their potential benefits and risks. Renowned consultant orthopaedic knee surgeon Mr Graeme Hopper explains the various injections available.

What is knee arthritis?

Knee arthritis is a condition where the cartilage in the knee joint wears down, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis is the most common form, typically affecting older adults. Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune condition, can also affect the knees, causing inflammation and joint damage.

Types of injections

There are several types of injections available for treating knee arthritis. Each has different mechanisms and potential benefits.

Corticosteroid injections

Corticosteroids, commonly known as steroids, are powerful anti-inflammatory medications. These injections can provide quick pain relief by reducing inflammation in the knee joint. However, the effects are often temporary, and repeated use can lead to side effects such as weakening of the cartilage.

Hyaluronic acid injections

Hyaluronic acid is a substance naturally found in joint fluid, which helps lubricate and cushion the joint. Injections of hyaluronic acid can improve joint mobility and reduce pain for several months. This treatment is also known as viscosupplementation. It is often recommended for patients who do not respond well to other treatments.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) injections

PRP injections use a concentrated solution of platelets derived from your own blood. Platelets are components of blood that help with healing. These injections aim to promote the repair of damaged cartilage and reduce inflammation. While PRP is considered safe, its effectiveness varies, and more research is needed to establish its long-term benefits.

Stem cell injections

Stem cell therapy involves using cells that can develop into different types of tissues to promote healing and regeneration in the knee joint. These injections are often derived from bone marrow or fat tissue. While promising, stem cell therapy is still experimental, and more studies are required to determine its efficacy and safety.

Potential benefits and risks

Injections can offer significant relief from knee arthritis symptoms, potentially delaying the need for more invasive treatments like surgery. However, it is essential to be aware of the risks linked to such injections. Common side effects include pain at the injection site, swelling, and infection. Discussing your medical history and concerns with your healthcare provider is crucial in determining the most suitable treatment option for you.

Understanding the different types of injections available for knee arthritis can help you make an informed decision about your treatment options. Always consult with a medical professional to evaluate the best course of action based on your individual needs and medical condition.

If you would like to learn more about injections for knee arthritis, book a consultation with Mr Hopper via his Top Doctors profile today