What is the main aim of a colposcopy?

In this article below, esteemed consultant gynaecologist, Mrs Deepali Sinha, explains what a colposcopy is, how it is performed, and when patients can expect results from the test.

What is a colposcopy?

Colposcopy is a specialised medical procedure used to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for signs of abnormal changes or abnormalities. It is often recommended following an abnormal smear or HPV test result to further evaluate any concerning findings and guide appropriate management and treatment.

 

How is it performed?

During a colposcopy, a colposcope, which is a magnifying instrument with a light source, is used to visualise the cervix and surrounding tissues in detail. The procedure is typically performed in a gynaecologist's office and involves positioning the patient on an examination table, similar to a routine pelvic exam. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to gently separate the vaginal walls, allowing the gynecologist to visualise the cervix.

 

Once the cervix is visualised, a mild acetic acid solution (vinegar) may be applied to the cervix to highlight any abnormal areas. This helps the gynaecologist identify areas of abnormal cells or tissue changes more easily. If suspicious areas are identified, a biopsy may be taken for further evaluation. 

 

Is it safe, and how long does it take?

Colposcopy is a safe and well-tolerated procedure that typically takes around 10 to 20 minutes to complete. Most women experience minimal discomfort during the procedure, similar to a routine pelvic exam. However, some women may experience mild cramping or discomfort during the biopsy portion of the procedure.

 

What is the main aim of a colposcopy?

The primary goal of colposcopy is to identify and evaluate any abnormal changes in the cervix, vagina, or vulva that may indicate precancerous or cancerous conditions. Common reasons for performing a colposcopy include abnormal smear results, positive HPV test results, genital warts, unexplained vaginal bleeding, and follow-up of previously treated cervical dysplasia (abnormal cell changes).

 

When will I find out my results, and what might happen after getting them?

Following a colposcopy, the results of the procedure are typically communicated to the patient by the gynaecologist or healthcare provider. Depending on the findings, further management and treatment may be recommended. This may include additional monitoring with repeat smears and colposcopies, treatment for precancerous lesions (such as a loop electrosurgical excision procedure [LEEP], or laser ablation), or referral to a specialist for further evaluation and management.

 

To book an appointment with Mrs Deepali Sinha, just head over to her Top Doctors profile today.