Heart failure explained: causes, symptoms, and care
Heart failure is a condition that affects millions of people globally, but it is often misunderstood. Whether you’ve recently been diagnosed or want to know more about this condition, understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can empower you to take control of your health.
We speak to a leading cardiologist Dr Tapesh Pakrashi who explores the essential aspects of heart failure.
What is heart failure?
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood around the body efficiently. This doesn't mean the heart stops beating; rather, it struggles to supply the body with enough oxygen and nutrients. Imagine your heart as a pump that's not working as well as it should.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of heart failure can vary but often include feeling tired or breathless, especially during activity or when lying down flat. Some may notice swelling in their ankles or abdomen due to fluid retention. If you've experienced unexplained weight gain or find it harder to carry out daily activities, these could be signs to watch out for.
What causes heart failure?
Several factors can contribute to heart failure. High blood pressure, coronary artery disease (narrowed arteries supplying blood to the heart), and previous heart attacks are common causes. Other conditions such as diabetes, valve problems within the heart, or infections can also play a role. Lifestyle factors like smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and obesity may increase your risk.
How is it diagnosed?
Your doctor will assess your symptoms, medical history, and conduct tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure your heart's electrical activity, and an echocardiogram to evaluate its structure and function. Blood tests may also be done to check for specific markers related to heart function.
How can heart failure be managed?
Managing heart failure involves a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes medical procedures. Your doctor may prescribe medications to help your heart pump more effectively, reduce fluid retention, or control blood pressure. It's crucial to follow your treatment plan closely and attend regular check-ups.
What lifestyle changes can help?
Making positive changes to your lifestyle can significantly improve your heart's health. This includes quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise, limiting salt intake to reduce fluid retention, and moderating alcohol consumption. Your doctor may recommend a tailored exercise programme to strengthen your heart muscles.
When should you seek medical help?
If you experience sudden worsening of symptoms such as severe shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting, seek immediate medical attention. Prompt intervention can prevent complications and improve outcomes.
By understanding the basics of heart failure – from its symptoms to management – you are better equipped to navigate your health journey. Remember, early detection and proactive management can make a significant difference.
Consult with Dr Pakrashi via his Top Doctors profile for personalised advice and guidance tailored to your individual needs.
