What to know about moles
Most people have moles, and in many cases, they are completely harmless. However, it’s important to recognise when a mole might need medical attention. Any noticeable change in how a mole looks, feels, or behaves could be a reason to have it examined by a professional.
Understanding these warning signs can help you protect your skin and catch potential problems early.
Why monitoring moles is important
Moles form from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes and can appear at birth or later in life due to factors like genetics, sun exposure, or hormonal changes. While most remain unchanged, any new or evolving features shouldn’t be ignored. Early assessment allows specialists to confirm whether a mole is harmless or needs further investigation.
The ABCDE guide to spotting concerning moles
Dermatologists commonly use the ABCDE rule to identify suspicious moles:
- A – Asymmetry: One half doesn’t match the other
- B – Border: Edges are uneven, blurred, or jagged
- C – Colour: Multiple shades or uneven colouring
- D – Diameter: Larger than about 6mm
- E – Evolving: Any change in size, shape, colour, or sensation
Among these, change over time is one of the most significant warning signs.
Other warning signs to watch for
In addition to the ABCDE criteria, you should seek advice if you notice:
- A new mole appearing in adulthood
- Bleeding, crusting, or oozing
- Persistent itching, tenderness, or pain
- A mole that looks different from the rest (“ugly duckling” sign)
- Rapid changes over a short period
These signs often prompt people to consult a dermatologist.
Raised vs flat moles: Does it matter?
Both raised and flat moles can be normal. What matters most is whether the mole changes:
- Raised moles should be checked if they bleed, catch on clothing, or alter in appearance
- Flat moles may need attention if they darken, expand, or develop irregular edges
The key factor is not the type of mole—but whether it behaves differently over time.
When to see a specialist
You should consider a professional skin check if:
- You notice any of the warning signs above
- You have many moles or unusual-looking ones
- There is a family history of skin cancer
- You’ve had significant sun exposure or sunburns
- You simply want reassurance
A specialist can assess your skin thoroughly and advise on next steps.
What happens during a mole check?
A typical mole assessment is straightforward and may include:
- A visual examination of your skin
- Dermoscopy (a magnified inspection using a special device)
- An explanation of whether the mole is harmless, needs monitoring, or should be removed
- Guidance on any further treatment if necessary
Do suspicious moles always need removal?
Not always. Many moles that look unusual are still benign. A dermatologist will decide whether the mole:
- Is safe to leave alone
- Should be monitored over time
- Needs removal for medical or preventative reasons
