What is child development?

Child development is the set of different phases of physical, psychological and social growth that occur from birth until reaching adulthood. In some cases, children may experience problems with their development and may require treatment.

What are the symptoms of child developmental problems?

These problems are essentially characterised by a delay in development, when the child does not have the psychological and social skills they should have according to their age, and/or when the weight and height is below the average of other children of the same sex and age. The main symptoms are:

• Weight, height or head size below normal growth curves
• Weight twenty per cent below the ideal weight
• Delayed or stunted growth
• A delay in physical, mental and social skills

Other symptoms that can occur in a child with developmental problems can be excessive crying, constipation, lethargy (excessive drowsiness) or irritability.

If you are concerned about your child's development, specialist paediatricians can assess your child's health and make recommendations.  

What are the causes of child developmental problems?

The causes may be related to health problems or external factors. In the first case, the main causes are:

• Organ problems
• Genetic problems such as Down's syndrome
• Injury to the brain or central nervous system
• Hormonal problems
• Anaemia
• Chronic infections
• Gastrointestinal disorders
• Problems in pregnancy or low birth weight
• Metabolic problems

Regarding external factors, circumstances of financial disadvantage or relationship problems between the child and their caregiver can, in some cases, lead to developmental issues. Poor eating habits or a lack of awareness about the nutritional needs of a child can also cause developmental problems. However, many times a specific cause cannot be detected.

What are the treatment options?

The treatment varies depending on the cause of the child's developmental problem. If it is due to an illness, the appropriate treatment will be carried out.

Alternatively, if it is due to nutritional problems, this can be addressed by evaluating the child’s diet and preparing an adequate nutrition plan.