This is the speciality concerned with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the kidney and their consequences. Doctors specialising in Nephrology treat all types of renal diseases which can also affect other organs, such as arterial hypertension, hematuria (blood in the urine), urine infection, nephritis (kidney inflammation), kidney cancer, proteinuria (loss of protein in the urine), kidney failure and kidney loss, among others. When a kidney is so damaged that it can no longer perform its vital functions, nephrologists can also perform kidney transplants.
