All about benign prostatic hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in men that can cause bothersome symptoms related to passing urine. In this article, consultant urological surgeon Mr Nicholas Raison explains BPH and the options for treatment.

What is benign prostatic hyperplasia?

BPH is characterised by the non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland.  This enlargement can lead to a variety of urinary symptoms, including frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia), a weak urine stream, urgency to urinate, difficulty initiating or stopping urination, and a sense of incomplete bladder emptying. These symptoms can significantly impact a man's quality of life if left untreated.

How is a diagnosis made?

Diagnosis of BPH involves a discussion with your doctor about your symptoms, a thorough medical history and physical examination, including a digital rectal exam (DRE) to assess the size and condition of the prostate. Additional tests such as a urine flow study, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test, cystoscopy or ultrasound may also be conducted to evaluate urinary function and rule out other conditions.

What are the best treatment options?

There are various treatment options available depending on the severity of symptoms. Management of BPH can include lifestyle changes such as limiting caffeine and alcohol intake, fluid management and bladder training exercises. If these options fail or in with severe symptoms, medications including alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors or phosphodiesterase inhibitors (e.g Viagra) may be considered.

What is the treatment protocol for severe case of BPH?

For more severe cases of BPH that do not respond well to conservative or medical treatments, surgical interventions may be necessary.  Mr Raison offers a range of procedures tailored procedures including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), GreenLight laser therapy, or Rezūm water vapor therapy may be recommended to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

If you believe you may be experiencing benign prostatic hyperplasia, you can consult with Mr Raison via his Top Doctors profile.