What is a rotator cuff tear?

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilise the shoulder and allow you to lift and rotate your arm. A tear can develop following an injury or gradually over time as part of the natural ageing process. Common symptoms include shoulder pain, weakness, difficulty lifting the arm and discomfort at night. When non-surgical treatments such as physiotherapy, activity modification and injections fail to relieve symptoms, arthroscopic rotator cuff repair may be recommended.

How is arthroscopic rotator cuff repair performed?

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is a minimally invasive procedure carried out through several small incisions. A tiny camera, known as an arthroscope, is inserted into the shoulder, allowing the surgeon to clearly view the joint. Specialised instruments are then used to repair the torn tendon and secure it back to the bone using small anchors. This technique minimises damage to surrounding tissues, often resulting in less pain, smaller scars and a quicker recovery compared with traditional open surgery.

Recovery after surgery

Recovery is a gradual process that requires commitment to rehabilitation. Following surgery, the shoulder is usually supported in a sling for several weeks to protect the repair. A structured physiotherapy programme helps restore movement, strength and function over the following months. While many patients notice improvements within a few weeks, complete healing and recovery can take between six and twelve months, depending on the size of the tear and individual healing.

Benefits of arthroscopic repair

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair aims to reduce pain, improve shoulder strength and restore normal function, allowing patients to return to everyday activities, work and sport. The minimally invasive approach offers excellent visualisation of the joint, reduced soft tissue disruption and lower risk of complications. Early assessment and appropriate treatment can help prevent further tendon damage and maximise the chances of a successful long-term outcome.

Orthopaedic Surgery in Cardiff