What is a blocked nose?

A blocked nose, or nasal congestion, is when the nose has a 'stuffy' feeling due to mucus or other obstruction. This could be due to the common cold, or a problem like sinusitis, or nasal polyps. 
 

What are the possible causes of a blocked nose?

The possible causes of a blocked nose include:
 

• Infections, such as a cold or flu
• Allergies, including hayfever
• Persistent rhinitis
• Nasal polyps

Less common causes of a blocked nose include swollen adenoid glands, an injury or trauma to the nose or side effects of some medications. 
 

How is a blocked nose treated?

Whilst the most common causes of a blocked nose get better on their own, there are some treatments and remedies that can help. The following are treatment suggestions for nasal congestion:
 

• Steam inhalation - very carefully sitting on a chair and putting your face over a bowl of boiled water whilst breathing normally for five minutes. Be careful to avoid just boiled water as the steam can be dangerous;
   
• Saltwater - saline drops can help to clear a blocked nose and are available from your local pharmacy; 
   
• Menthol vapours - there are many products containing menthol, such as Vicks, which can relieve a blocked nose;
   
• Nasal sprays - decongestant sprays will help to unblock the nose quickly and are available over-the-counter but mustn't be used for longer than two weeks as can cause rhinitis medicamentosa;

• Humidifiers - can add moisture to the air and may help to break up mucus. 
   

When should I see a doctor?

In most cases of a blocked nose, such as if you have a common cold, for example, there is no need to see a doctor. Conditions like hay fever can be managed at home. It is recommended to visit your local pharmacist for some over-the-counter medication, such as antihistamines for your pollen allergy symptoms. 

You should visit your GP if your nasal congestion is not getting better after 10-days of trying home remedies for a blocked nose. You might also want to see your doctor if you are not sure of the cause of your blocked nose, or if you are unwell with a very high temperature.