What is aortic stenosis, and why is it so important to treat it?

Written by: Dr Raj Chelliah
Published:
Edited by: Conor Lynch

Here, in this article below, revered consultant cardiologist, Dr Raj Chelliah, discusses aortic stenosis at length, telling us all about the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis process related to the condition.

What is aortic stenosis?

Aortic stenosis is a condition that occurs when the aortic valve narrows and fails to open fully. This then obstructs blood flow from the heart to the aorta and the rest of the body.

 

What are the causes and risk factors?

Aortic stenosis is more common as we age. Risk factors include high blood pressure, abnormal lipid levels, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Genetic predisposition may also play a role.

 

What are the symptoms of aortic stenosis?

In the early stages of the condition, patients may experience shortness of breath and chest pain. As the disease progresses, it can lead to heart failure, sudden loss of consciousness, and even sudden death.

 

How is aortic stenosis diagnosed?

Physicians listen for heart murmurs using a stethoscope. Imaging tests, such as echocardiograms, help visualise the valve and assess its function.

 

What are the most effective treatment options?

Mild cases may not require immediate intervention. Severe aortic stenosis normally requires surgical repair or valve replacement surgery. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a less invasive option for high-risk patients.

 

In terms of prevention and management of aortic stenosis, what should I do?

Regular check-ups are crucial, especially for older adults. Lifestyle modifications, such as managing blood pressure and cholesterol, can help prevent progression.

 

What is the outlook like for someone with aortic stenosis?

The outlook for someone with aortic stenosis depends mostly on whether or not they are experiencing symptoms. You can have aortic stenosis for 10 to 20 years without any symptoms

 

However, once symptoms show up, progression can be rapid, and treatment becomes urgent. Without treatment, this condition can become life-threatening. 

 

To schedule an appointment with Dr Raj Chelliah, simply head on over to his Top Doctors profile.

By Dr Raj Chelliah
Cardiology

Dr Raj Chelliah is a consultant cardiologist who will provide you with a quality and comprehensive consultation. He is an expert in assessing patients with chest pain, shortness of breath, cardiac murmurs, dizziness/funny turns, blackout, palpitations, heart failure, high blood pressure, and for risk factor management.

He is also the regional expert in aortic valve disease for a population of about 1.5 million people. In addition, he is happy to provide a second opinion, or even to talk through your diagnosis if you do not understand your condition. Dr Chelliah graduated from the University of Dundee in 2002 and went on to work in both Dundee and Edinburgh. Upon completion of MRCP in 2005, he undertook cardiac research at the University of Edinburgh for three years, before moving south to undergo cardiology training in Hull and East Yorkshire in 2009.

He is well published and has trained to a very high level of clinical competence. He became a Fellow of the Royal College of Edinburgh(FRCPE) in 2022. Dr Chelliah has a keen interest in structural and complex coronary intervention, and was successful in obtaining a Trans-Catheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) Fellowship at Kings’ College Hospital, London. Following this, he was appointed as Consultant Cardiologist at Castle Hill Hospital in 2016, where he is currently a high-volume operator in coronary intervention, treating patients with heart attacks and stable coronary disease.

He established and lead the regional TAVI service for patients in Hull & East Yorkshire, North East Lincolnshire, and North Yorkshire. Before this, patients in the region did not have access to this advanced treatment. As the regional expert for aortic valve disease, he is keen to assess and educate patients of who have been diagnosed with a cardiac murmur or valvular heart disease.

Dr Chelliah also has an interest in medical education and training, and was well regarded as the previous Training Programme Director for cardiology trainees within East Yorkshire, previously winning the national consultant trainer of the year award. He was also the recent clinical lead for coronary intervention and TAVI for both Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (HUTH) and North Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust (NLAG), successfully integrating services.

He has received both local and national awards in recognition of his work. He is a proud member of several national societies, including the British Cardiac Society (BCS), British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS), and British Heart Valve Society (BHVS).

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