What is being analysed?

Histocompatibility testing, also known as HLA testing, analyses human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules to determine the compatibility between donors and recipients for organ or tissue transplantation. HLA molecules play a crucial role in the immune system by distinguishing self from non-self, and any disparities between donor and recipient HLA can lead to rejection of the transplant.

What does the result mean?

The result of HLA testing indicates the degree of compatibility between the donor and recipient. It helps determine the likelihood of successful transplantation and the risk of rejection. A higher degree of HLA compatibility typically results in better outcomes post-transplantation.

When should the analysis be done?

HLA testing is typically performed during the evaluation process for organ or tissue transplantation. It is essential to conduct this analysis well in advance to identify compatible donors and plan appropriate transplantation procedures.

What sample is required?

The sample required for HLA testing is usually a blood sample obtained from both the donor and recipient. In some cases, tissue samples may also be used for more detailed analysis.

Is any prior preparation necessary?

No specific prior preparation is necessary for the individuals undergoing HLA testing. However, it is essential to inform healthcare providers about any medications or medical conditions that might affect the results.

What are the normal values?

The normal values for HLA testing vary depending on the specific HLA markers being analysed and the transplantation scenario. In general, a higher degree of HLA matching is associated with better transplant outcomes.

Summary of HLA typing results

These example values demonstrate how specific HLA typing results for both the donor and recipient are compared to assess compatibility for transplantation. The compatibility is categorized as "Partial" or "Full" based on the degree of matching between the donor and recipient HLA markers.

What does having altered values mean?

Having altered values in HLA testing indicates a mismatch between the donor and recipient HLA, which can increase the risk of rejection or complications following transplantation. However, the significance of these alterations depends on the specific HLA markers involved and the overall health of the recipient.