What is analysed?

Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins, which are antibodies produced by the immune system, that can precipitate (clump together) or gel at low temperatures.

Precipitated cryoglobulins can lead to the formation of clumps or deposits in blood vessels, causing inflammation and potentially blocking blood flow. Large amounts of cryoglobulins (cryoglobulinemia) can result in symptoms and Raynaud's phenomenon.

The cryoglobulin test detects the presence and quantity of cryoglobulins in the blood.

What does the result mean?

The result indicates the concentration of cryoglobulins in the body.

Why conduct the analysis?

The cryoglobulin test is conducted to determine whether symptoms like sensitivity of extremities to cold are caused by cryoglobulins.

When to conduct the analysis?

The cryoglobulins test is conducted when symptoms, including rashes, bruising, joint pain and/or paleness and coolness of the extremities, are observed at cold temperatures.

What sample is required?

A blood sample is required. The blood is drawn from a vein, usually in the arm.

Is any prior preparation necessary?

Patients should fast 8-12 hours before the sample is taken.

How is it performed?

After the sample has been collected, it is kept at a controlled temperature of 37ºC to prevent the cryoglobulins from precipitating before being tested in the laboratory.

At the laboratory, the sample is placed in a warm environment to dissolve any cryoglobulins that may have formed. The sample is then cooled to assess if cryoglobulins precipitate, and their quantity and characteristics are determined.

What are the normal values?

A negative test result indicates that no cryoglobulins were detected.

What does having altered values mean?

• Positive test result: A positive test result indicates the presence of cryoglobulins that also have the potential to precipitate when exposed to cold temperatures, suggesting conditions including infections, kidney disease, autoimmune diseases, vasculitis disorders, or cancers of immune cells.