Prostate
Specialty of Urology
What is the prostate?
The prostate is a gland of the male urinary and reproductive system a little larger than a walnut. It is located between the bladder and the penis, behind the intestine, with the urethra running through it.
What does the prostate do?
The main function of the prostate is to produce prostatic fluid, which is then secreted into the urethra. The prostatic fluid is part of semen along with seminal vesicle fluid and spermatozoa. Prostatic fluid contains the necessary elements to extend the lifespan of sperm. The muscles of the prostate help to create the force needed to expel semen during ejaculation.
The prostate is also responsible for controlling the urine stream via muscle contraction around the urethra, which carries urine from the bladder to the penis. It is therefore able to decrease or interrupt the urine stream.
What conditions can affect the prostate?
Men can be affected by several conditions of the prostate:
- Prostatitis – inflammation of the prostate. This can be caused by infection.
- Benign prostate enlargement/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) – growth of the prostate with age can affect urination and cause other symptoms.
- Prostate cancer – the most common cancer in men, but also very treatable, with a high survival rate.
Prostatitis usually affects younger men, while other conditions are more common in adults and in the elderly.
How can such conditions be treated?
Treatment will vary according to the specific condition:
- Prostatitis may be treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications, and the patient may have to follow a specific diet (focusing on making sure they get enough nutrients and liquids).
- Benign prostate enlargement may be treated with α1-blockers, which relax the muscles around the urethra and 5α-reductase inhibitors, which will inhibit the transformation of testosterone. If medication is ineffective, there are also surgical options.
- Prostate cancer may be treated in a number of different ways, depending on the nature of the cancer and the patient’s choice. Some may choose to wait and observe to see if the cancer is growing. Others may opt for chemotherapy, radiotherapy, prostate brachytherapy, hormone therapy or surgery to remove part or all of the prostate (prostatectomy). The doctor might also recommend a combination of these treatments to ensure the cancer is eradicated.
Which doctor should I see?
You should see a specialised urologist.
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Rezum – a minimally-invasive treatment for benign prostate enlargement
By Mr Andrew Ballaro
2019-01-23
Leading urologist, Mr Andrew Ballaro, talks to us about an exciting new treatment for benign prostate enlargement, a condition that affects many men in their older age. Rezum presents a minimally-invasive approach that has shown to produce good results, without the risk of invasive surgery or the complications associated with it. See more
UroLift – a new, simple way of treating an enlarged prostate
By Mr Rajesh Kavia
2019-01-22
Leading urological surgeon Mr Rajesh Kavia explains about the UroLift procedure, a new, minimally invasive way of treating an enlarged prostate. See more
Prostate cancer: warning signs, diagnosis and treatment
By Mr Rick Popert
2019-01-22
Prostate cancer is unique to men and occurs when abnormal cells grow in the prostate. Find out how prostate cancer is diagnosed and treated with expert urologist, Mr Rick Popert. See more
Treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
By Mr Jeremy Crew
2019-01-22
With increasing age, the prostate changes and there are alterations in the way the prostate is made up with different amounts of fibrous and muscular tissue. This increase in size and increase in fibrous muscular tissue is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. Mr Jeremy Crew, a leading urologist, discusses the treatment options available for BPH. See more
Experts in Prostate
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Mr Marc Laniado
UrologyExpert in:
- Holmium laser
- Prostate
- Prostate biopsy
- Prostate cancer
- Prostatectomy (prostate removal)
- Robotic surgery in urology
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Mr Ranjan Thilagarajah
UrologyExpert in:
- Prostate
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- Nephropathy (Kidney disease)
- Prostatectomy (prostate removal)
- Interstitial cystitis
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Mr Aniruddha Chakravarti
UrologyExpert in:
- Laparoscopy
- Robotic surgery in urology
- Holmium laser
- Green light laser surgery
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