What is corneal cross-linking?

Corneal cross-linking, often abbreviated as CXL, is a medical procedure used to treat certain eye conditions, such as keratoconus and corneal ectasia. It involves the application of riboflavin (vitamin B2) eye drops and ultraviolet (UV) light to strengthen the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye.

How does corneal cross-linking work?

During corneal cross-linking, riboflavin eye drops are applied to the cornea. These eye drops are then activated by UV light. The interaction between riboflavin and UV light causes the formation of chemical bonds within the corneal collagen fibres, increasing their strength and stability.

What conditions can be treated with corneal cross-linking?

Corneal cross-linking is primarily used to treat progressive conditions like keratoconus and corneal ectasia, where the cornea becomes weak and starts to bulge, leading to vision problems.

Is corneal cross-linking a surgical procedure?

Corneal cross-linking is a minimally invasive procedure that does not involve surgical incisions. It is performed in an outpatient setting using eye drops and UV light.

What are the potential risks and side effects of corneal cross-linking?

Common side effects may include temporary discomfort, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. Serious complications are rare but can include infection or corneal scarring.

How long does the recovery process take after corneal cross-linking?

The initial recovery period usually lasts a few days to a week. Patients may experience discomfort and blurred vision during this time. Full visual recovery can take several weeks to months.

Is corneal cross-linking effective in stopping the progression of keratoconus?

Yes, corneal cross-linking is an effective treatment for halting the progression of keratoconus and stabilising the cornea. It can prevent the need for more invasive procedures like corneal transplants in many cases.

What is the long-term outlook for someone who has undergone corneal cross-linking?

Corneal cross-linking is generally considered a long-lasting treatment that can stabilise the cornea and improve visual outcomes. Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist is essential to monitor the eye's condition over time.