What are vaginal problems?

The most common vaginal problems are: 

• Sexually-transmitted infections (STIs);
• Dryness;
• Pelvic floor relaxation – supporting ligaments and connective tissues can weaken and lead to prolapse;
• Sexual problems. 

Infections can also lead to a number of vaginal problems. Common infections that affect the vagina include:

• Yeast infections;
• Trichomoniasis;
• Bacterial vaginosis.

What are the causes of vaginal problems?

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that can cause vaginal problems include:

• Chlamydia;
• Gonorrhoea;
• Genital warts;
• Syphilis;
• Genital herpes.

What are the symptoms of vaginal problems?

Symptoms vary depending on the condition, but signs that indicate a problem that should be checked out by a doctor include:

• Redness, itching, or irritation
• Changes in the colour, smell, or quantity of vaginal discharge
• Vaginal bleeding between periods
• Pain during sex
• Any lumps or bulges

Can vaginal problems be prevented?

Some vaginal problems can be prevented or the risk of getting them can be reduced.

• Using barrier contraceptives, staying in a monogamous relationship with someone else who is sexually healthy, and cleaning sex toys after every use can all help prevent sexually transmitted diseases.
• Vaccinations can prevent certain diseases, such as HPV and hepatitis B.
• Kegel exercises are recommended to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
• Have regular check-ups with a gynaecologist.

Which type of specialist treats vaginal problems?

Obstetricians/gynaecologists and urologists treat vaginal problems in adult women, while paediatric urologists are responsible for treating girls.