Medical dictionary

What is the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and what is TMJ disorder? The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) allows us to open and close the mouth so we can perform functions like talking, chewing and yawning. This joint connects the bones of the skull and face, with one on each side of the head. It performs three types of movement: moving up and down, going forward and backward, as well as side to si

What is tendinopathy?Tendinopathy is an umbrella term for diseases of the tendons. Tendons are fibrous cords of tissue that hold muscles to bone, and in order to do their job, they must be strong and flexible. Despite this, they can be injured due to overuse. Tendinopathy broadly refers to three varieties of tendon injury, and is often confused with, or used synonymously with them. They are:T

What are tendon injuries?Tendon injuries, also known as tendinopathies, happen when there is an overload that causes small fibres to tear. When the affected muscles or joints are put under pressure, it causes tendon inflammation which reduces blood flow and can lead to nerve compression. When there is a mild inflammation it is referred to as tendonitis. It is called tendinosis if there is tendon

What is tendonitis?Tendonitis (also called tendinitis) refers to inflammation of a tendon. It is one of the major sub-types of tendinopathy (tendon disease), along with tendinosis and paratenonitis.Tendons are thick, fibrous cords of tissue that attach muscles to bones. They are tough, yet flexible, and have evolved to withstand tension. However, they can become injured or strained due to overuse,

What is a tension headache? A tension-type headache (TTH) or tension headache is the most common type of headache. It is often felt behind the eyes, in the temples, forehead, and neck, radiating from the lower back of the head. It is described as a pressure or tightness and causes persistent, mild-to-moderate dull pain. Are some people more prone to tension headaches? Tension hea

What is a Testicular Biopsy? Testicular biopsy is a procedure that involves taking a tiny piece of testicle tissue for examination under a microscope. The biopsy is performed by making a small incision in the skin of the scrotum, the layers beneath and the outer layer of the testicle. A small piece of the testicular tissue is then removed.   What is

What is testicular cancer?Testicular cancer occurs when cancer cells form in the testes, which are the oval-shaped glands that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone in men between 15 and 35 years old. Testicular cancer can occur in one or both testes, and is more common in those who experience an abnormal testicular development or an undescended testicle.There are two main types of testicular

What is being analysed in the test?Autoantibodies related to diabetes refer to specific antibodies produced by the immune system that target the body's own cells or tissues involved in insulin production or regulation. These antibodies play a significant role in the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in type 1 diabetes.What do the results of the test indicate?The presence of au

What is analysed? Testosterone is a hormone found in both males and females. In males, the testes produce most of the testosterone, while in females, it is produced in smaller amounts by the ovaries and adrenal glands. Testosterone plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including the development of male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics. The testosterone te