Medical dictionary

What is being analysed in a vanilmandelic acid (VMA) test? Vanilmandelic acid (VMA) is a metabolite derived from the breakdown of catecholamines, such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. This analysis measures the concentration of VMA in urine, providing valuable insights into the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.   What does the result mean? The result indicates the am

What is being analysed here? The presence of antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the blood is being analysed here. When is it requested? It is requested when verifying immunity to VZV is necessary, when there is a risk of complications related to VZV, or when symptoms of infection are present. Why is this analysis performed? To determine if a person is immune to V

What is a varicocele? A varicocele is formed by a varicose vein (an unusually swollen vein) or a group of varicose veins, located in the scrotum or in the spermatic cord. Varicoceles usually develop during puberty, growing larger and more noticeable with time. They occur most often on the left side of the scrotum, and although not usually harmful, in some people it can cause pain in the testicl

What are varicose veins? Varicose veins are enlarged and swollen veins, usually forming in the legs and feet. Often they can appear as lumpy, blue or purple and bulging. Although varicose veins are frequently a cosmetic concern, for some people they can also cause pain and discomfort, and can sometimes lead to more serious problems. There are different types of varicose veins, including:

What is varicose veins surgery? While more modern procedures such as sclerotherapy and ablation are generally favoured these days for the treatment of varicose veins, surgery is still an option in some cases. This type of surgery is usually called ‘ligation and stripping’. Varicose vein surgery is often carried out under general anaesthetic (which means you will not be conscious dur

What is vascular access surgery?Vascular access surgery is a simple procedure that aims to connect an artery with a vein in your arm. It is a life-saving procedure for people who require dialysis.  Why is it done?Vascular access surgery is recommended in patients who have end-stage renal disease or a severe form of chronic kidney disease. In these patients, the kidneys are no longer

What is vascular dementia?  Vascular dementia is a type of dementia caused by impaired blood flow to the brain. There are two types of vascular dementia:  Multi-infarct dementia, when dementia or brain damage is caused by numerous smaller strokes (blockages of blood to the brain). Single-infarct dementia, which is when a single stroke causes dementia or brain damage, depend

What is vascular laser treatment?Vascular laser treatment (or thermocoagulation or photosclerosis) is a fast and effective method for eliminating vascular lesions on any area of the body or face. Vascular lesions include varicose veins, telangiectasias, couperose and rosacea, port wine stains, haemangiomas and angiomas, Poikiloderma of Civatte and cherry angioma. The treatment eliminates red

What are vascular malformations? A vascular malformation is a type of birthmark or growth that is normally present at birth. It is a type of injury made up of veins, arteries, and lymphatic and capillary vessels. There are several types which are named after the vein they affect. Vascular malformations are often referred to as lymphangioma, vascular gigantism, and arteriovenous malforma